Worksheet Chapter 2: Respiration

1. Which respiratory condition is caused by chronic destruction of alveolar walls due to long-term exposure to tobacco smoke?

2. Compare the gaseous exchange structures of a frog and a grasshopper in terms of main respiratory organs and how gases are delivered to internal tissues.

3. Explain step-by-step the physical mechanism of exhalation in humans, including muscle movements, volume changes, and pressure differences.

4. Describe how guard cells control the opening of stomata during daytime in response to sunlight.

5. True or False: In insects, oxygen is transported to tissue cells via red blood cells containing hemoglobin.

6. Explain how oxygen in the alveolus moves into the red blood cells within surrounding capillaries, and name the chemical compound formed when oxygen binds inside red blood cells.

7. Heavy haze caused by forest fires often covers industrial towns. Explain two distinct negative impacts of haze on human respiratory health and two negative effects on plant growth.

8. Fill in the blank: During inhalation, the diaphragm muscle contracts and ____________.

9. State four structural adaptations of human alveoli that maximize the efficiency of gaseous exchange.

10. True or False: Carbon monoxide combines with hemoglobin to form carboxyhemoglobin, which increases the amount of oxygen transported to tissue cells.